PROFILE OF MAMIT DISTRICT
2.1 About Mamit :
Mamit District with its headquarters at Mamit was etched out from the erstwhile Aizawl District under Mizoram Govt. Notification No.A.600Ill2ll95-GAD dated 11.3.98. The new District started functioning from the 24th April, 1998 which was the date when the new Deputy. Commissioner assumed office.
According to the 2011 census Mamit district has a population of 85,757. This gives it a ranking of 619th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of 28 inhabitants per square kilometre (73 /sq mi) . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 36.59 %. Mamit has a sex ratio of 924 females for every 1000 males and a literacy rate of 85.96 %.
2.2 Area & Topographv :
Mamit District is situated in the western part of Mizoram. It is separated from Aizawl by the river Tlawng which flows in the south-north direction and empties itself to the river Barak of Cachar district of Assam. It is a land locked district and is bound by Tripura on the West, Assam on the North, Kolasib and Aizawl on the East and Lunglei on the South. The total geographical area of the district is 3025.75 sq. It falls in the agro climatic zone of Temperate Zone. The important rivers flowing in the district are Tlawng, Tut, Langkaih, Khathlangtuipui and Mar. The district is divided into 3(three) Rural Development Blocks viz. Reiek, West Phaileng and Zawlnuam respectively.
The entire District is hilly terrain and is part of the western extension of the system that links up with the ranges of Nagaland & Manipur in the north and Chin Hills of Myanmar in the east and ramifies from the sub-Himalayan Patkoi-Arakan Ranges. The terrains are crisscrossed by valleys and deep gorges where the rivers wend their ways to constitute its river system. Three major rivers viz. Teirei, Tut and Tlawng which run parallel to each other almost upto Bairabi. The other two rivers join up with the Tlawng at Chipui and Tlangkhang respectively. The river Tlawng in turn joins the river Barak in Assam and this is navigable upto Sairang during certain season of the year.
As the region falls within the sub-tropical rain forest region, the vegetation of the district falls into three categories as under:-
1. Tropical wet Evergreen Vegetation.
2. Tropical Semi-Evergreen Vegetation.
3. Mountain Sub-Tropical Pine Forest.
With its fertile soil and plentiful rain, the vegetation is an admixture of species which ranges from bamboos and canes to fuel woods and timber species -which, with proper management could be exploited on commercial basis. Raising plantation commercially viable species such as Teak and Gomari are of vital importance, other species such as Pine and Eucalyptus etc. are also adopted on a
smaller scale.
2.3 Climate:
The District is under the influence of Sub-Tropical Monsoon and the climate is tempered to a great extent by the altitude of its terrain and therefore is pleasant and not subjected to extremes. According to the classification of the Department of Environment & Forest, Govt. of Mizoram, the year is characterized by four distinct seasons:
1. Summer - March to May
2. Rainy season - June to August
3. Autumn - September to October
4. Winter - November to February
The temperature varies between 10' to 24' Celsius in between winter and summer. The District receives abundant rainfall with an average of 2200 mms. It is heaviest during June, July & August. The winter is normally cold and dry.
2.4 Administrative setup:
The Dy. Commissioner heads the district administration. He is responsible for law and order and for all developmental programmes. Mamit is the Headquarters of the District. There are 3(three) Rural Development Blocks headed by Block Development Officers, namely Reiek, West Phaileng and ZawLnuam.
2.5 Transport
(a) Roadways: Land transport is the main medium of transport. The district headquarters of Mamit is connected to the State Capital Aizawl by a State highway which is 112 Kms long.
(b) Airway: There is helicopter(pawan haan) service to and fro between Mamit and Aizawl twice in a week
The District has one district hospital and has several Primary Health Centers situated at various villages. The block-wise distribution of PHCs is indicated below:
Blocks | No. of Villages | Population | No. of PHCs/Others |
Reiek | 23 | 13749 | 11 |
West Phaileng | 25 | 24676 | 11 |
Zawlnuam | 28 | 52909 | 4 |
TOTAL | 76 | 91334 | 26 |
Thus on an average there is one Primary Health Centre for every 3513 persons in the District.
The district also has one veterinary hospital and several block centres at various villages.
The economy of the District is basically Agro-based. Paddy which is the staple food of the populace is the main crop. Jhum type cultivation is the most popular type of cultivation and comprises the main source of agricultural products.
Major Crop: Soil is fertile and major crops production, which is paddy, in the district takes place during the Kharif season. In Rabbi season Mustard, Cabbage, Radish, Carrot, Tomato, Potato, Pulses are grown. The district is famous for Oranges and Hatkora fruits. The vegetation is an admixture of species which ranges from bamboos and canes to fuel woods and timber species. The major allied activity in the district is Animal Husbandry (piggery and Poultry)
2.8 Banking Facilities:
The district is serviced by one Commercial Bank, one Regional Rural Bank. Viz. the State Bank of India and Mizoram Rural Bank with branch network
Banking facilities are reasonably good. The State Bank of India has 3 branches and the Mizoram Rural Bank has 6 branches in the district. The Apex Bank does not have any branch in the district. The banks have to play a more aggressive role in the process of development.
2.10 School and Colleges:
The literacy rate in Mizoram is quite high as compared to other States. This is due to the fact that education has been emphasized and is within the reach of every household. Education plays an important role in the upliftment of the society. The statistical break-up of educational facility in the District is as follows:
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