Hiphei, Ex. M.P
TANOH TA MARA REIH A DUANA SU
He tlupota reih phapa nata hneirôhpa Mara reih he a thachha kaw bapata a lâ ta, eima khâsia thai leipata a châ phaichai khiatacha eima pahlei pathla thei. Khapa vata Mara reih he a thachha ta chichhihna su liata a duahpa ma a cha?
1. Politics liata eimâ duana su a hnai tu: India Constitution taotuhpazy ta Mararâh Chozah bei, Hlychho bei, Bohia bei nata Nôhro bei abeina râh cha Mizo District Council râh Sailo nata Zadengzy abeina râh chhôh liata miah khôpa ha ei ta, Sixth Schedule liata “District Council y aw ta, a chhôh liata chi hropazy ama y khiatacha Regional Council piepa ama châ aw,” tahpata ropa châ ta, he dâh atlychakapa heta 1952 liata Lushai Hills District Council a vaw pih. Cha District Council râh chhôh liana chata Pawi-Lakher Regional Council cha 1953 liata paduapa a châ. He no tawhna heta Sailo nata Zadeng beizy ta sahaw-sabai ama khei beih leina Mararâh cha Lushai Hills District Council (Mizo District Council) râh chhôh liata khôpa a châ haw. Pawi-Lakher Regional Council Member a tlyh pita, Mizo District Council lâta vyuhtuapa MDC eimâ tlyh heih hra. He heta Chozah, Bohia, Hlychho nata Nôhro beina râh a châ tyhpa kha Sailo nata Zadeng beina râh liata a y haw tahpa a palâsa pasia. Chahrasala Mizo District Council ta eima chô ta biehnei tu hlei v’ei. Mizo District Council nata Pawi-Lakher Regional Council biehneina cha a khorô thlah ha. Anodeikua Mizo District Council ta Primary siku liata bie a hnei theipa cha PawiLakher Regional Council ta a hnei thei lei vata Mizo reih ta Primary siku liata châ eima chu pathao.
He heta Mara reih tha pachha pathao ta chahrasala Mara reih cha chichhihna su liata y mah vei. 1972 liata Mizo District Council cha Union Territory lâta pakiasâhsapa châ ta, Pawi-Lakher Regional Council cha District Council 3 lâta pachhaihpa a châ. He no tawh heta biehneina âpahlie pathao ta 1986 liata State pitlohhpa vaw châ lao heih ta, he no tawhna heta Mizozy ta kyh toti liata eima chôta bie ama hnei haw. Sapha châ sala Kg 100 hlâta a hri viapata maniah ama vi ha ba. Eima chi-pho nata reih cha kyh to liata rie patheipata y ta, a thachha via lyma.
2. Maluh chyh tuna: Mizo nata pakhopâ pata cha Marapa he eima chyh kaw. Mizo reih a cheihpa maluh pôhna cha Marapazy pôhna hlâta chahra via syulyu ta, he heta Mizo reih a cheihpa pahluh via lyma ta, Mara reih a cheihpa a pachyh via lyma. A hluh viapa reih ta a chyh viapa reih cha-ie ta tha a pachhâ via lyma.
3. Mara reih ta ropa Châbu, Thatihbu etc. a chyh tu: Hlabu nata Biehrai tah leipata cha Mara reih ta Châbu, Thatihbu, Magazine etc. rei awpa hnei hlithâ mapi. Satlia laihsa nata eima tusawzy heta Mara reih ta ropa rei awpa ama hnei tu leina zawhzi ta Mizo reih ta ropa Chabu, Thatihbu etc. zy nohchareih ta ama reipa a byuh haw.TV liata nata Radio tawhta biephuahpa zydua Mizo reih sai châ ta, Mara thyutliazy ta nohchareih dawh chareih rôta ama nahkhaoh liata a ngia hluh viapa reih chei ama panaosa via ha ba. Ama nahkhaoh liata a ngia hlithâ leipa Mara reih cha Mizo reih ta khu tu ha ba ta, ama pikheipa reih hmahchhah a pahnia kawpata chei thai khao leipa ei ta Mizo reih chei tlao ama panaosa via.
4. Hla, bie nata paropasyutheipa(music) liata eima hnai via: Marapazy he Bie a phi thaipa, Hla a phi thaipa nata paropasyupa(music) a tô thaipazy he hnei hluh ba hr’ei sila; he liana heta Mizozy a kho mâh mapi. Mizonah he hlasa thaipa, biephi thaipa nata music thaipa hluh ei ta, he heta miah tlâ tu ha ta, Mara hla nata bie tha a pachhâ kaw. Mara satlia laihsazy hryta hlasa thaipa y hôlô hr’eisala Mizo hlasa thaipazy a tlu hmeihseih a rupa dei châ leipata hla cassette ama tao tlakaihpazy chhao a chaleipa ama hluh lei vata zuady a ru kaw. Machâ nata Khichhôh Machâ hluhpi ta Mara Biehrai hlâta Mizo Biehrai hmâ via ei ta, Mizo reih tlao amâ paoh via. Mizo sahlao ta ama hla sa ta ama reih chei awpata maniah amâ hnaw taraw leipata ama reih chei leipa nata ama hla sa leipata y thei khao mapi.
5. Mara reih pasô leipata pasâhsa a chhuah hlithâ mapi: Eima hmo hneipazy he keimo ta pasô ta eima khâsia leipata cha mohropa ta vaw uasa thai beih v’ei. Marapazy hry ta chyhsa a isyuh leipa, a hualua kawpa, hmo hmeihseihpa a pachâ hoh hlithâ leipa eima hluhpâ kaw ba. He hawhpazy heta Marapa chi nata reih pasô ta pasâhsa ta, a boh nawpa châta hria hualua, ha hualuapa hoh v’ei. Buakha châta mopakha athôhna a tluapa “Rao chhyh, chaih chhyh” policy a hmâhpa eima y hôlô. Hmiamo chô a kiahpa, Marapa hlâta chi hropa pasâhsa via ta reih hropa a pasô viapa eima y chili. Râh-luhpa, Awnanopa luhpa, Châthaipa, sawhkhâ raihriapazy chhao miah a rôkia khai ha ba. A pakhyna liatazy, vatlâh a hmaohpakhyna liatazy, bielôhhawhpa reina liatazy Mara reih a suapa hmâ a chhuah tlâlaw leipata Mizo reih pahlao thomo a chhuahpa eima hluh tu ha ba. Mara reih ta a hnei leipa “Sabaw”,”Sawhkha” etc. zy cha reih hropa châ hr’eisala hmâ lei theipa châ leipata, Mara reih a pahneirôsatuhpa hawhta pachâ theipa a châ thlah ha. Anodeikua Mara reih pha kawpa nata a ngia kawpa y thlahna chôta, “Parawpachaw” vyuhpata “uar”, “a saohiah” vyuhpata “rawn”, “pasipadi” vyuhpata “ren”, “paphapahlysa” vyuhpata “panuam-sa” etc. eima hmâ tupa he cha keimo sasyh a zakheipa eima lyu; Mara reih tha pachhâ ta, Mizo reih tha tlao a patlô. Marapazy he khazia tlyma he hawhta eima y thlahha tly? Burma Marapazy chhochhi cha Mara reih ta bie rei thlahha tlôhpata Hiakha reih nata Burma reih ama pahlao hluh via. Mahnô-mahpawzy kha kaw thyu heih ei sala tahma ta eima Mara reih he ama thei thai suahluah va ma!! Nôpaw viapa hluhpi ta eima tusawzy Mara reih chei hnao ta pathaisa a chhuah leipa pita Mizo reih sai cheipata, chyhsa hluhpi ochhôh reih(family language) cha Mizo reih a châ ha ba. Chi hro, reih hropa Mararâh liata a ypazy chhao Mara reih ta a chhy leipa pita Mizo reih sai eima cheihnao. Hezy vana heta Mara reih tlapahnai via lyma ta Mizo reih he eima râh liata a sâh via lyma.
MARA REIH HE PACHHA TA EIMA PABOHSA CHEINGEIPA A CHÂ
La hlapi liata o a hneipa cha chyhsa hneirôhpa nata hmotao thei kawpa châ hrasala eima ohmo cha-iepata miah chhu thai beih aw v’ei.Eima ohmo cha-iepata miah a chhupâ thei awpa cha eima opapa a châ cheingei aw. Cha hawh hrata Mara reih cha-ie ta a disao thei awpa cha eima chheipah liata a ypa Kuki-Chin group liatapa reihzy he ama châ tahpa rei byuh leipata eima pahno haw. Mizo, Hiakha etc. reihzy ta Mara reih cha-ie ta tha a pachhâ ngâsâ tahpa eima pahno no heta eima luh a chahnao ta a khu thlah ha awpa deikua la châ mapi. “Hailamaw!” tah ta eima luh pachhuapata eima theina zydua papuapata pachha ta eima pabohsa cheingeipa a byuh.
1. Politics liata a duana su paryh awpa: Eima chheipah chi lai viapa Mizonah he keimo hlâta hluh via syulyu ei, thaiso via syulyu ei, hneirô via syulyu ei, hmo tao thei via syulyu ei, tah ei ta; kyh to liata keimo hlâta ama sâh via haw. Sapha châ sala quintal kha hlâta a hri viapata maniah ama vi. He tawhta pua ta a boh awpata cha eima so thai kawpa a byuh. Quintal khapa he Kg 10, Kg 20 ta thy-pathla lyma ta dusaw ta thy-pathla khai eima chhuah aw. Mizoram sawhkha ta miah a vina he pahua via lyma ta keimo a hrina pahluh via eima chhuah awpa a peimawh. Eima chatho pathla hmeihseih thei n’awpata Marapazy rei eimâ raoh awpa dei châ leipata Chakma nata Lai-nahzy nata eimâ baopasupa a byuh. Eimâ baopasupa dei châ leipata India sawhkha ngiachhie tlâhpa nata khokhei tlâh châ awpata ngâ eima chhih hr’awpa a châ. India sawhkha ta biehneina lai viapa nata phusa hluh via eima hmô thei nawpa miah a taopa tita cha tahma ta Maw sawhkhâ ta eima chô liata bie a hneina hluhpi cha eima Council ry liata a y ha ba aw. Cha tita cha Maw sawhkhâ ta miah a vi tuna tawhta a hua via ha ba pita keimo eima hri via ha ba aw. Biehneina lai viapa nata phusa zy hnei hluh via ba aw pita, cha tita eima chi-pho nata reihzy chhao hmiamo vaw y via ha h’raw ta, keimo sasyh ta a mohôhpata eima khopa eima tao thei via ha aw. Eima khopa eima tao thei tita cha eima reih pasô via h’aw pita eima pasâhsa thei ha aw. Tanoh khizaw liata râh hneirôpa nata rôhnahpa zydua ta ama reih pasô ei ta, ama pasâhsa chyu. Mongyuh reih dahdei chhao he khapasaw ta reih tlâ khao v’ei.
2. Marapa he Khazohpa khokhei eihhrâhpa chi-pho eima châ: Khazohpa cha chi to, pho to nata reih to a taotuhpa nata a hneituhpa cha hrasala Marapazy he miah a khokhei pachai tahpa he eimâ laichadai awpa a byuhpata ei pahno. Khizaw liata Krizypa missionary sâh hluhpi pua ha ei ta chi moh, pho moh ta mission paduapa he y tlâ thlyu v’ei. Vaili mahpaw, R.A. Lorrain ta Mararâh â kaw ngia hlâ, 1905 liata “Lakher Pioneer Mission” London khihpi liata a padua. He he khizaw liata chi-pho moh ta mission a duah chhôhpa a châ. Cha dei châ vei, India, Burma nata Pakistanzy Independence ama hmô tawhta English Missionary zydua ama râh lâ phie amâ lie khai haw. Marapa Missionary zy deikua ama râh lâ alie khoh lei p’ei ta Mararâh liata ama luh amâ pabu khai. Tahma taih Pihnô Vaili(Violet) cha eima hnohta pahrâ ta, a mahnô-mahpawzy, a nô nata pawzy a ziana Mararâh leilô liata a luh â pabu hra aw. Britisher a do ngâsâpazy luh Mararâh leilô ta a nie khai thlah hapa he hmo thlahthlipata rao thei rimâpa châ vei. Marapa chi nata pho, reih nata râh leilô zy châta yzie a thu kawpa nata a sâh kawpa a hnei cheingei hnabeiseih s’u. Marapazy châta byhna hluhpi nata sivâphana a tlôkhei cheingei aw. Khazohpa ta Vaili mahpaw hmâpata a taopa, Mara reih chhao he khizaw liata reih hropa zydua hlâta a nano chai khiamaw! Eima bie reipa zydua he a chhana liata Hmao pabieh ta rairupâ kawpata a chhapa y tlâ vei. Rainao kawpa nata thadâh kawpa, hmao pabieh lylia byuh leipata ‘vowel’ ta a chhapa sai a châ. He hawhpa reih he cha reih sôhpa nata reih a nano kawpa châ ta, miah a pietuhpa Khazohpa heta a lei pathlah thlahha awpa he a pasai thai na ta a ngia hra vei. “Khazia ei reih ei pahlei aw, Chô Khazoh eina piepa cha” tah hialiapa tlai a châ.
3. Mara reih ta Châbu hluh via taopa: Eima râh liata phusa a hluh via â vaw ngia tita cha Mara reih ta châbu hluh via, hlabu chi nano-nanopa hluh via, Magazine hluh via nata thatihbuzy papua thei h’aw pita,eima thyutlianah zy Mara reih ta rei awpa hluh via ama vaw hnei tita cha Mizo reih châbu reipa bâ sai viapata Mara reih châbuzy ama reih hluh via hra aw. Eima Biehrai nata Hlabuzy yzie hnei viapata patoh-patiah aw pita a hluh thei chaina hawhta eima pachhuhsa aw. Biehrai nata Hlabuzy cha a saipata Burma Marapazy eima rai aw. Chatanachata Mara reih a cheihpa nata a pasôpa eima pôh via rili aw.
4. Mara reih cheihchalopa: Mara reih zakhei ta reih hropa a pasâhsa via tyhpazy chhaota Mara reih eimâ palaikhei ba awpa a byuh. Eima râh liata reih hro a cheipa zydua he Mara reih cheihnao ta pathaisa eima chhuah awpa a châ. Marapa zydua ta eima ochhôh reih châta Mara reih eima hmâ awpa a châ. Ahyrai Khazohpa biereina tlyma politics tlyma nata bie-lôhhawhpa liata chhao reih hropa pahlao leipata Mara reih sikhua hmâ thei eima chhuah cheingei awpa a châ.
Hmo to he a hneituhpa ku liata â pahnieh khai rô tahpa pahno khai ha pita, Marapazy eima hmiamo y via sa, eima rei a raoh via sa, eima khihsatôhtu a dôkhaw via sa a tah tita cha eima reih chhao a hmiamo y viapata a chei khohpa chhao eima vaw pôh rili ba aw. Rairuna hluhpi tawhta Mara reih eima pachha thei tita cha:
“Chi hropazy mopakhôna,
Ru hrasala thlihpipa hawh;
Lei khao aw vei Mara reih he,
Sâh rili aw he khizaw lia.”
tahpata 1978 rachhôh liata hla ei vaw taopa he a hmeihseihpa ta a tlô cheingei aw, tahpa ei ngiapâ.
Châbu a saohiahpazy:
1. Nigam R.C. : Language Handbook on Mother Tongues in Census
2. Haokô C. : Mara History, 2009
3. German Language Society : Magazine “Mutterspreache” March, 1986
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