AIZAWL PRESS CLUB
DT 12.5.2018
15TH FINANCE COMMISSION HNENA RAWTRNA THEHLUH CHUNGCHANG
India hi Five Year Plan-a kal a nih avangin, Finance Commission hian State leh U.T ten kum 5 chhunga Central atanga sum kan hmuh tur zat hi, kum 5 dan zelah an ruahman thin a. 14th Finance Commission khan kum 2014 – 15 atanga 2019 – 2020 thlenga kan dawn tur a ruahman vek tawh a. 15th Finance Commission hian 2020 – 2025 thlenga kan dawn tur zat a ruahman mek a, Final Recommendation chu ni 30, October 2019 hmain an thehlut dawn a ni.
15th Finance Commission Chairman, N.K.Singh chuan ka ngaihdan te thehlut ve turin min rawn ti hlauh mai a. Ngunthluk taka mi thiamte ka rawn hnuah, ni 9.5.2018 khan ka thehlut ta a ni.
15th Finance Commission in an recommend ang ang hi 2020 - 25 chhunga kan sum dinhmun tur a nih dawn avangin, rawtna thehluh hi kan ram tan a tulin a pawimawh takzet a ni. Party dang hruaitute hian lehkha an dawng ve em ka hre lo va, an dawn chuan thehlut ve se kan duh hle mai. Kan sorkar pawh hian engmah ala thehlut lo niin kan hria a, an tih ve vat a tul khawp mai. Tin, kan rawtna thlente hi inkalh lo se, inpuitawn ila kan duh hle bawk a ni.
INTRODUCTION
Rawtna siam hmain, kan ram dinhmun, a bik taka enkawl ngai kan nih thu kan tarlang phawt a. 1972-a UT kan lo nih khan, India ram dangte chuan Five Year Plan 4-na an lo hmang der tawh a, kum 20 lai an lo kal hman tawh bik a. Chu chu keini tan chuan bul tanna, Five Year Plan 1-na ang a ni ve chauh mai a, bul kan tanna hi a tlai bik hle a ni. Kan Budget hmasa ber (1972-73) kha Rs 18.5 Cr lek a ni a. Kumin 2018 – 19 ah hian Rs 9672.64 Cr lai a lo ni ve ta a. Hei pawh hi khawpui lian deuh Hyderabad te, Bengaluru leh a dang tea an Municipal Corporation Budget nen khaikhin tham lek a la ni a, khawpui lian deuh Budget zat lek a la ni.
Heng kan dinhmunte leh a bika harsatna kan tawhte tarlangin, sum pawh kan puala dah tam bik turin ZPM chuan kan ngen a ni.
RAWTNATE (SUGGESTIONS)
1. Chhiah insem dan:-
Central sorkara chhiah tling khawm hi Centre leh State ten kan insem thin a. Pu Modia sorkar hian State chan tur an rawn dah tam ta a, tunah chuan 42% hi State chan tura dah a lo ni ta a. Heihi chhunzawm zel turin kan rawt a ni.
2. Horizontal Division:-
Sum dawn zat tur hi ram zau lam leh mihring tam lam hisapa ruahman a ni deuh ber a. Chutianga hisap chuan keini ram zim leh mihring tlemna tan chuan dawn tam a theih ve loh va. 14th Finance Commission in Mizoram chan tura a ruahman chu 0.460% lek a ni a. Chuvangin, hetiang tehna hmanga min hrut rual ringawt lo tur leh, a dawng tlem berin a dawn zat tur bituk (Floor limit) min siamsak turin kan thlen a ni.
3. Area and Population Criteria:-
Ram zau lam leh mihring tam lam atana tehfung an hman hi a sang lutuk kan ti a. Mi rethei tamna ram, hmasawnna ruangam (Infrustructure) sawi tlak la nei ve lo, kawngpui te, Industry te, eizawnna ngelnghet te, kan awmna a kilkhawr avang leh kan ram a rualrem ve loh avanga midangte tawh loh harsatna tam tak kan tawh bikzia te tarlangin, ram zau zawng atana sum dawn zat tur bituk (Floor limit) atana 2% an lo siam chu chhunzawm zel tur leh, chutiang bawka mihring tlemna pawhin an dawn tur zat Floor limit 1% min siamsak ve turin kan ngen a ni. Heihi a hlawhtlin chuan kan ziaawm phah hle ang.
4. Income Distance/Poverty Index/Opportunity Cost:-
Kan GSDP leh kan Per Capita Income lo sang ta hi kan sorkar chuan chhuang takin a tlangaupui a. Kan Per Capita Income phei chuan National Average a khum ta hial a ni.
A lan danah chuan State changkang tak ang kan lo ni ta a. Heihi chhuanlama hmangin Finance Commission hian sum min pek tlem phah ang tih a hlauhawm viau mai.
A nihna takah chuan kan GSDP leh Per Capita Income te hi thil zahthlak tak leh mahni leh mahni inbumna mai a ni. Hetia a lo lan san takna chhan hi chu Central atanga tanpuina kan hmuhte chu kan thawhchhuah anga an chhiar ve ringawt vang a ni. Kan Budget hi Central min puihna leh Loan kan lak te a ni a, keimahni thawhchhuah tak tak sawi tham kan nei hauh si lo a ni.
Central sumin buhfai kan lei a, mipuiin buhfai kan leina man sorkara lut leh te, Power lei nana Central sum kan hman atanga Electric Bill lo lut leh te, Central tanpuina hmanga Water Supply kan siam atanga tui bill lo lut leh ang chi zawng zawng hi kan sorkar chuan a sum lakluh angah chhiarin, GSDP leh Per Capita Income teh nan a hmang a. Central sorkar atanga sum kan hmuh hmangin sorkar hnathawk hlawh kan pe a, chung sorkar hnathawkten hlawh an lak chu sum lakluhah an chhiar tel a, chu chu Per Capita Income tisangtu ber pakhat a ni bawk. A tak takin production sawi tlak kan nei reng reng si lo.
Kumina kan Budget atanga Revenue kan hmuh ve chu Rs 80719.02 lakh lek a ni a, chu chu kan Budget atanga 8.3% chauh a ni. Chu pawh chu Agriculture te, Industry atang tea kan dehchhuah chu tlemte a ni a, sawi tak ang khan tui bill te, Electric bill te, mipuiin buhfai kan leina man te, Vehicle Tax te, Bus chuan man te, zu chhiah tih te mai mai an ni. Mipui nawlpuiin hma kan sawn ta tihna a ni hauh lo.
Chuvangin, kan Income anga lang hi tehfunga min hmansak lovin, mipui dinhmun dik tak zawk hi tehfunga min hmansak turin kan ngen a ni.
5. Forest Covered Area:-
India ramah hian, a ram zau zawng atanga 21.54% chauh hi Forest area a ni a. Mizoramah erawh chuan kan ram 86.7% hi Forest a la ni a, India-ah kan sang ber a ni. (Survey of India Report) Mizoram hi Green India ah te, Global Warming-ah te leh Green House Effect-ahte hian a thawh hlawk ber kan ni a. 14th Finance Commission khan Forest Area atana tehfung an hman chu 7.5% chauh a ni a. Heihi 10% a tisang turin kan thlen a ni. A hlawhtlin chuan kan vannei ngawt ang.
6. Rural Local Bodies:-
14th Finance Commission khan kan Village Council-te tan hian sum ruahman a nei lova, kan harsat phah hle a ni. Tun chinah chuan Finance Commission hian Village Council tan bik a hranpain sum rawn ruahman tawh turin kan rawt a ni.
7.Urban Local Bodies:-
14th Finance Commission khan Aizawl Municipal Corporation tan chauh sum a ruahman a. Chu pawh chu a tlem lutuk a, tihpun ni se kan ti a. Khawpui dangahte pawh Municipal emaw, Board emaw kan la din duh mai thei a. Chuvangin, hemi atan hian sum tam zawk dah ni se kan ti.
8. Article 275 of the Constitution:-
Article 275 hian Tribal-te hmasawnna atan sum dah tur a ni a ti a. Hemi hnuaia sum an dah hi a tlem lutuk thin kan ti a. Tunah chuan, District Council area tih loh chu Constitutionally chuan Tribal Area kan ni ta tlat lo mai a. Heihi chhuanlamah an hmang ang tih kan hlau va. Amaherawhchu, 2011 Census-ah Mizoramah Tribal 94.43% kan awm a, India ramah za zela chhuta Tribal tamna ber ram kan la nih thu te, Scheduled Tribes Order 1950 pawhin Tribal-a min la chhiar thu te tarlangin, Tribal puala sum hi min la pe zui zel tur nia kan ngaih thu leh, chumi atan chuan tun aia tam sum dah turin kan ngen a ni.
9. Area Specific Needs:-
State dangten harsatna an tawh ve loh tam tak keini chuan kan tawk a. State dangte mamawh ve loh tam tak kan mamawh bawk a. Chuvangin, State dangte nena min hrut rual mai lovin, kan harsatna te hria a, chumi atan chuan a bik taka sum ruahman turin kan ngen a ni.
10. Infrustructure Development Fund:-
Hmasawnna ruangam (Infrustructure) ah hian India rama hnufual ber kan la ni a. Lei (bridge) te, Railway te, Kawngpui te, tui lakna kawng (Canal) te, tuilakna tur tuikhuah (Dam) te, tui in tur te, Power te, Godown te, Warehouse te, Market building te, Enterpreneurship lamah te, leilung hausakna haichhuah leh Processing lamah te, kan thlai thar leh thil dehchhuah Marketing lamah te kan la hnufual bik avangin, Infrustructure din nan a hranpain sum min pe turin kan ngen a ni.
11. Inter-State Infrustructure Scheme:-
N.E State-te hi harsatna thuhmun nei kan nih avangin, NEC kaltlangin, kan intawm tlan theih tur Infrustructure din a tul kan ti a. Chumi atan chuan a hranpaa sum ruahman turin kan rawt bawk.
12. Transport Subsidy/Cost Equalization:-
Kan awmna a kilkhawr avangin, thil mante a sang bik a, Commercial Project tam tak te hi din ve ngaihna a awm lo sa ringawt mai a ni. Chuvangin, tun hmaa Coal te, Iron te, Steel te, buhfai leh a dangte man inang tlang vek tura ruahmanna an neih kha chhunzawm thar leh se kan duh a. A rem lo a nih chuan, Transport Subsidy hi Central Ministry hnuaiah dah lovin, kan State sorkar kutah dah ni rawh se kan ti a ni.
13. Industrial Subsidy and Fund :
Industrial Subsidy hi kan thalaiten an la mamawh dawn chauh va. Chuvangin, Industry Subsidy Fund hi siam ni se la, chu chu State sorkar kutah dah ni rawh se tih kan rawt bawk.
14. Tax holiday for new Production Units :
Mizoram hi Non-Industrial State-a ngaih kan la ni a. ZPM a sorkar chuan thalaite tan, “May we help you” hnuaiah, bul tanna neilote tan Guarantor-ah sorkar a ding dawn a. Production Unit tan chuan Tax holiday siam ni se tih kan rawt a ni.
15. Corporate Tax Concession :
Kan thalaiten Joint Stock Company te, Partnership Firm te, Joint Venture Company te, Cooperative Societies te an din theihna tura ZPM sorkar chuan hma a lak dawn avangin, Tax Concession hi pek ni se tih kan rawt a ni.
16. Public Enterprise Reforms Fund :
a) PSE kan neih sate tuai thar :
Tunah hian PSU 5 kan nei a. Kum 2015 khan MAMCO, ZENICS, ZOHANCO, te chu nuaibo va, MIFCO chu privatise a, ZIDCO chu tuaithar tura tih a ni a, tun thlengin a hlawhtlinna hmuh tur a la awm lo. Hengho tuai thar leh nan te, Cooperative Society dangte pawh chhawr tlaka siam nan, a hranpaa Fund dah ni se kan ti.
b) State Energy Company :
Electricity Act, 2003 chuan power generation, transmission leh distribution buaipuitute chu Electricity Board emaw, Energy Company emaw din tur a ti a. Kan sorkar chuan heihi la zawm thei lovin, P&E Department chuan power lei leh hralh hna la thawkin, nasa takin an hek a, kum tin power lei nan Rs 300 cr vel an seng reng a. Chuvangin, State Energy Board emaw, Company emaw din nan sum kan dil a ni.
c) State Food and Civil Supplies Corporation :
Food and Civil Supplies Department hian sumdawn hna thawkin, buhfai lei leh hralh hna tlin lo takin a thawk a, a hloh nasa hle. Khawpuia cheng mihausa leh thingtlang miretheite nen rate inang rengin buhfai a hralh a, mihausaten buhfai man tlawma an lei nan miretheite pawhin an tuar tel ta zel a ni. Mizoram hi India ramah mihring ei tur aia ran chaw to zawkna awmchhun a ni hial awm e.
Heihi felfai zawka enkawl anih theih nan, kan Outsource a nih loh vek chuan Corporation kan mamawh a ni. Chu chu FCI nen an thawk dun ang a, tualchhung buhfaite pawh an lei ang a, fu te, Oil Palm leh thil dangte thlengin. Agriculture Costs and Price Commission dungzuiin, Minimum Support Price te an pe ang. Cash Crop hralhna tur te, mipuite mamawh pek te pawh a tul angin an khawih tel ang.
Hemi atan hian Fund hranpa kan dil a ni.
d) Urban Water and Sanitation Board :
Ruahtui kan ngah hle nain, a khawl dan kan thiam loh avangin Bay of Bengal ah an luanglut zel a, km 10 chuang a hla, Tlawng tui 1000m a sanga kan han pump chho ang tluka hautak hi a vang hle awm e, a anpui chu Old Simla Water Supply System chauh khu a ni awm e. Tui hman man sorkarin a subsidise-na chhawr ber tu chu khawpui mi hausate an ni a, chu subsidy chhawr ve pha lo thingtlang mite chanvo chu an sawh hek sak a ni.
Khawpui chhung tui supply atana State Budget hi hman a nih tawh loh nan, khawpui chhung water supply khawih turin Board din a tul kan ti a. Chumi atan Fund a hranpaa dah turin kan ngen a ni.
e) Privatisation of State Road Transport :
Department-in Bus an tlantirnaah hian an hloh char char a, mimal Bus neitute erawh chuan chhungkaw chawm nan an hmang thei si a. Chuvangin, privatise a tul kan ti.
Sorkar Bus te chu mimal kuta hlan a ngai ang a. Thawktute pawh a chawl duh tan Golden Handshake Scheme siamsak an ngai ang a, chawl duhlote chu chhawm zel dan ngaihtuah a ngai bawk ang. A tirah chuan subsidy pek te pawh a tul thei ang.
Hemi atan hian Fund hran rawn dah turin ngen a ni.
17. Rural Drinking Water and Sanitation Grant :
Thingtlang khuaten tui hnianghnar an neih nan, Multipurpose check Dam te, Water Harvesting Scheme te duan a tul a. Hemi atan hian Fund hran dah turin kan ngen a ni.
18. Centrally Sponsored Scheme :
Pu Modi-a sorkar hian CSS te titlemin, a dawn dan pawh an rawn tiharsa ta a. Heihi State hausate tan chuan a pawi lo. Keini tan chuan a pawi a ni. Chuvangin, Mizoramin a mamawh bik CSS te chu, a hma ang khan 9:10 basis a kalturin min pe leh se kan ti.
19. Backward Region Grant Fund :
BRGF hi tihtawp a ni ta a. India ram hi a then chauh an changkan a, a then kan changkan ve si loh chuan ram pumpui a changkang thei dawn chuang lo. State changkang tawhte nena rualkhai taka ke kan pen ve theih nan, BRGF hi tihnun leh ni se kan ti.
20. Border Area Grant Fund :
Mizoram hian International boundary 772 km a thui a nei a. Ramri humhalh nan leh ramri hrul develop nan a hranpain Fund dah ni se kan ti.
21. Banking and Hand Holding Policy :
Kan State-a Bank te CD Ratio hi ni 31-3-2017 thleng khan 39.88% lek a ni a, recovery rate chu 75% lai a ni thung si a. A bikin Vai ho, Commercial Bank ho CD Ratio hi a hniam em em mai a. Mudra Loan te, Start Up India hnuaia Loan te, Education Loan te, Enterpreneurship Loan te, PMMY hnuaia loan lak te hi a harsa lutuk a. ZPM a sorkar chuan, feasible project a nih phawt chuan loan an lak dawnin Guarantor-ah kan tang dawn a. Comprehensive Hand Holding Scheme kan duang dawn a. Chutiang atan chuan Mechanism tha tak duan ni se, a tul angin fund dah ni se kan ti.
22. Revenue Deficit Grant :
India ramah hian Revenue-a intodelh lo State 11 kan awm a. Kan indaih lohna phuhruk nan kumin hian Revenue Deficit Grant Rs 2588 lakh pek kan ni a. Chuti chunga Revenue Surplus nei anga insawi talh duh sorkar kan nei hi, mahni leh mahni inbumna mai a ni. Revenue Deficit Grant hi kan la mamawh zui rih dawn avangin, min pek zui zel a ngai kan ti.
23. FRBMA and Fiscal Management :
Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 12th Finance Commission chuan State tinin neih turin a ti a. MNF sorkar khan a tih duh loh avangin chutiang Bill chu ni 18-3-2005 khan Assembly-ah kan pulut a, min phar thlaksak a. Central-in an rawn nawr nat leh tak avangin hreh tak chungin 2006 khan an pass ta tho va. MNF sorkar lai kha Fiscal Deficit leh leibat a san lai ber a ni a, phal chin bak a pel sang hle a ni.
Kan leibat hi a pung zel a. Kum 2007-08 a kan leibat kha Rs 3062.46 cr a ni a. Kumin a kan leibat hi Rs 7887.04 cr a lo tling ta hial a. Thangkhatlian chhunga a punna hi 157% a ni a, rapthlak tham a ni. Tuna kan leibat zat hi kan budget atangin 81.54 % a ni a. Kumina kan budget zat dawn lai hi leibat kan nei a nih chu.
Kan Budget hi Politician, Contractor leh a khawih phak officer tlemtein an hausakpui a, mipui nawl erawhin kan thatpui ve chuang lo. Mipui 55.64% hi thawh tur mumal nei lo kan la ni.
Hetiang hi kan sorkar-ten Financial Management an hlawhchhampui nasat dan chu a lo ni ta a. Tunah phei chuan Fiscal Federation a lo awm ta a, State sorkar te chuan thuneihna sang zawk an lo nei ta lehnghal a. Plan Fund a hranga dah thin chu tihbo a lo ni ta bawk nen, Revenue Expenditure ni reng si, Surplus nei anga lan duh vanga Capital Expenditure hnuaia dah pawh hnial lo sorkar te pawh kan hrawn mek ta chu a ni si a. Chuvangin, Financial Management thiam sorkar kan mamawh ngawih ngawih ta a ni.
Hun lo la kal zel turah Budget awmzia pawh hre lo, an hriat chhun pawh tidik duh lo, sorkar sum vote zawn nana hmang duh sorkarte pawh kan la nei leh maithei a, chutiang sorkar kal sual tur chu a venna tur Mechanism tha tak, System thar rawn duang chhuak turin Finance Commission hi kan ngen bawk a ni.
Tlangkawmna :
Heng suggestion kan siamte hi hlawhtling tawk a awm ngei kan beisei a. A vai hian an pawm phei chuan 2020 hnu lamah chuan Zoram hian a rah a seng tawh dawn a ni.
Post a Comment