WILLIAM BARCLAY (1907-1987)
Bible Hrilhfiahtu Lâr – Liberal Pachal - Part 2
~Dr P.C. Biaksiama
Thuhma: Part 1-ah khan khawvel huapa Bible hrilhfiahtu ropui, ram tina Bible hrilhfiahna bu siamtuten an râwn ber pakhat ziaktu William Barclay-a chanchin, a lâr zia, pulpit sermon thupui thawhtu ṭangkai a nihzia te kan sawi tawh a. Mahse Krista a rinna dinhmun kan han x-ray a, liberal a lo ni reng a; a thurin te chu:- mi zawng zawng - ringtu leh ringlote pawh chhandam kan ni vek dawn; chatuan hremhmun a awm lo; nula thianghlimin Isua a hring lo tihte bakah sakhaw nei lote thurin 'evolution' a rin tlat thu te, Isua thilmak tih a rin loh thute leh Isua hi Pathian tak a nih a rin loh thu te kha kan sawi thlen chin a ni a. He Part 2-ah hian thu beng lut lehzual – Barclay-a kha ringtu Kristian nge a nih zirtirtu suak tih te leh point dang dangin kan chhunzawm dawn a ni.
(7) Barclay-a: Ringtu Kristian a ni em?: A chunga sawi anga Barclaya’n Trinity a pawm loh va; misualte tlan tura Isua thihna (substitutionary atonement) pawh pawm lo; Krista thawhlehna pawh hre chiang lova insawi (see Autobiography, p. 113); Bible hi Pathian thâwk khum, rinna leh thiltih tehna dik lo thei lo a nih a pawm loh lehzel avang hian Harold Lindsell-a, conservative evangelical mithiam hlun tak chuan, "William Barclay-a kha ringtu kristian tak tak a nih pawh ka ring lo ve,” a ti hial a ni (Harold Lindsell, The Bible in the Balance, Zondervan Pub., 1979, p. 45; J.D. Douglas, Evangelical Dictionary of Theology, ‘Barclay, William,’ p. 125). A Bible pawm ve dan a liberal tawh nak alaiin, Bible pawn lama mi Apocrypha bute chu Thuthlung Hlui bu dangte ang bawka thuneihna ang khat reng nei angin a ṭhâm tel ang lawi a (John, Vol. 1, p. 32; Rom, p. 59; see also William MacDonald, “William Barclay,” http://plymouthbrethren.org/article/9785). Chuvangin Pu Bar-a hi eng ang kristian nge, kan tih chuan, Bible-in a khuahkhirh ve loh Kristian a ni, kan ti thei mai awm e. Kan chhiar tawh leh kan la chhiar leh turte hian an la tichiang dawn chauh a ni.
Barclay-an Chhandamna Kawng a Bo!? Bible zirtute ngaihsan rawn William Barclay-a te ang mithiam vawrtawp, Grik ṭawng thiam hmingthang, ‘encyclopedia kal thei’ tih tlak khawpa hriatna zau, mi fing leh inzir sang em em ni si chu Thlarauva hriatna nei lo, Thlarauva piang thar lo a ni tih erawh chu thlarau mit aṭang chuan a haia hai rual a ni lo. Engvangin maw? E le, heti khawpa Bible thu leh a background hre hneh si, Bible thuchah laimu ber, Pa Pathian tirha van aṭanga he leia Pathian Fapa lo kal chhan leh ama thlarau chhandamna kawng a bo tlat mai hi maw le! Chu chu engtin nge i hriat theih?
Thupuan 2:18-29 hrilhfiahna a pekah lawmawm takin tihian a ti a: “Kristianna hian Isua Krista hi Chhandamtute zinga pakhat ang lekin a sawi lo; Chhandamtu lû ber a ni pawh a ti lo; Chhandamtu AWMCHHUN a ni, a ti,” a ti a (Revelation Vol. 1, p. 108). A lawmawma a phûrawm tawh tehreng nen, Marka bu a hrilhfiahna a ziahah chuan lehlama a thusawi hi amah zawk hian a kalh leh tlat si a. Heti hian a ti: “Pathian hnen pan tur hian kawng khat aia tam daih a awm…“Kawng zawng zawngin Rome a chhun vek,” (All roads lead to Rome) tih hi a dik a. Chutiang bawkin kawng zawng zawng hi miten an zawh thui a, rei tawk an zawh ngat chuan Pathian hnen a hruai thleng thei tih hi a dik chiah a ni,” a ti leh bawk si a. Chu mai duh tawk lovin “Mi tute tan pawh, eng kohhran tan pawh chhandamna kawng intih-tatu bik theiha inngaih hi thil hlauhawm a ni,” a ti leh bawk (Mark, p. 226).
Tichuan, Barclay-a sawi danin vanrama luh theihna turin chhandamna kawng hrang hrang a awm a; a hmaa a thurin kan tarlan tak ‘mi zawng zawng chhandam an ni ang’ tiin ‘universal salvation’ ringtu a nih thu a inpuang reng bawk a. Hei hian Bible a kalh tlat a; Isua chuan, “Kei hi Kawng leh Thutak leh Nunna ka ni; Keimaha kal lo chu tumah Pa hnen an thleng lo vang,” (Joh. 14:6) tia a zirtirna nen chuan a inkalh tlat avangin, Barclay-a chhandamna thurin hi a dik thei ta lo a ni. Zirtirna
Ephesi 2:4-10 a hrilhfiahnaah Paulan khawngaihna avanga rinnaa chhandam kan ni; thiltih vanga hlawh chhuah a ni lo, Pathian thil thlawnpek a ni a, keini tan chuan lo pawm mai hi kan tih tur a ni. Chhandamna hi hnathawh ṭhata hlawh chhuah chi a ni lo, tiin Barclay-a chuan evangelical takin a hrilhfiah a (Eph. pp. 104-105); mahse kan lâwm rei hman lo. Jakoba lehkhathawn a hrilhfiahnaah Barclay-a chuan a hmaa a sawi ṭha sa kha ṭhiat lehin thiltiha chhandamna a sawi leh ta si a. Jakoba lehkhathawn 5:19-20 a hrilhfiahnaah, “Mi tupawhin a unau thutak laka peng bo chu kawng dik lamah hruai kir leh ta se, a unau thlarau bo chu a chhandam tihna a ni a, a sual tam tak chu khuh bosak a ni ang. Kawng danga sawi chuan, mi dangte thlarau chhan chhuah hi mahni inchhandam dan kawng chiang ber a ni,” tiin a sawi hial bawk a nih chu (James, p. 134). "Mahni inchhandam dan kawng chiang ber" (surest way to save one'n own) tih ṭawngkam a hman duhna rilru aṭang hian Pu Bar-a hian Isuan chhandamna kawng min zirtir hi chu a bo chiang ve khawp mai. Hei hian thiltiha chhandamna a kawk vu mai lehnghal a. Chhandamnaa chiang lo ve bawk Origena’n sual ngaihdamna chan theih dan kawng ruk a sawi : baptisma chan te, martar te, rethei hnena thilpek te leh midangte ngaihdama, hmangaiha an sual simtir te a ni, tia a lo sawi chu a pawmpui hmiah bawk a (James, p. 134). Tichuan, a eng ber chu nge chhandamna kawng atana zawh tur ni ta tihah hian Barclay-a hian zirtirna pek tur a nei fumfe lo niin a lang ta a ni.
Barclay-a khan mihring hi chhe lailet der (total depravity) a ni tia Bible in hmun hrang hranga a sawi (Sam 51:5; Jer. 17:9; Rom 3:10-18, 23 etc), Reformed Kohhran leh Calvinism thurin innghahna ni bawk te hi a lo pawm ve hauh lo mai a. Isua pawhin pawm lo ve tho ang te in a puh ta mai a (Luke, p. 204). Hetiang hi rinna kawnga Pu Bar-a dinhmun a nih avangin a thuziakte hi thlum duam khawpa ngaihnawm leh bengvarthlak ni teh mahse, kohhran thurin a kalh tlat a ni. Mi ṭhenkhatin an commentary hman ṭangkai tak a nih avanga an la thlah phal mai lo a nih pawhin an demawm hran lo; mahse han bih chian hian a liberal dan lo chhah zia hi hmu ve se, pawisa lo taka Bible leh Kristian kohhran thurin a palzût zozai hi kan tarlan hi a dik leh dik loh mahni ngeia lo thlir ve turin Barclaya commentary, 1984 edition hi ka pho lang mai a ni; kan pawm leh pawm loh chu mimal kutzala tla a ni e.
Barclay-a Zirtirnain Mizo Kristiante a Nghawng Dan: Chhuan hnih zet liam ta, 1972 khan Rev Zairema ziah Chanchin Ṭha Marka Ziak Hrilhfiahna Bu chu Mizoram Presbyterian Puitling Sunday School-in kan zir a. (1974 khan Johana Hrilhfiahna a ziak leh a). Keini tleirawl hawklak ve mai, tlar hnunga ṭhute chuan, “Engtizia nge maw biak in chhunga an inhnial vak vak ṭhin le? tiin kan lo nuih liam ve mai ṭhin a. Tlai khawhnua kan han hriat chian ve chuan, Isuan mipui sangnga a hrâi te kha thilmak a ni lo, mak taka chhang leh sangha tihpun a lo ni lo; kha mipa naupangin a chawfûn neihchhun a rawn ṭheh phal khan midangte rilruah thawkin an chawfûn ṭheuh an theh khawm a, ei sen loh khawp a lo awm ta mai a ni (Mark 157-158) ti zawngin liberal dangte sawi duh danin Barclaya'n a lo sawi a; chu chu Pu Zairema hrilhfiahna khan a rawn pho lang ve ta a. Petera ten an lên khata Galili dîla sangha an man ṭeuh mai kha thilmak ni lovin, sangha vûrtling (nghafuan) an rût fuh a ni, tiin sunday school zirlaibu chuan a sawi zel a. Isuan nghakuai chiaha sangha ka chhunga pawisa thîr va la chhuak tura Petera a tir pawh kha, a nihna takah chuan, Petera kha a eizawnna pangngai anga lên va dêng turin a tir mai a ni zawk, a sangha hralh man khan sorkarah chhiah an pe ta a nih kha, tia hrilhfiahna te kha Bible sawi ang ringtu zirlaite thin tiṭhawngtu a tling awm e. Nain khuaa hmeithai fapa thi thlanmuala phûm tura an zâwn lai Isuan a lo tinung leh tia Bible ngeiin a sawi chu, Barclay-a commentary chuan, a thi tawh emaw an ti a, a thidang mai a ni a, Isuan a kai harh ta a ni, thil mak a ni lo, a ti zel a (Luke, p. 88).
Ramhuai pai Nuaia kha Barclay-a chuan rilru lama chiang lo (psychiatric case/ delusion) a nih avangin a kawchhungah ramhuai awm ṭeuhin a hria a; chungte chuan an chhuahsan ngei tih a hmuh theih tura entir loh chuan a awih dawn si lova. Khatah pawh khan thilmak ni lovin, kha pa kha ring taka a han khêk ruai ruai mai khan vawk rualte kha a tihlau va, a biling a balangin an tlanchhia a, Galili dilah an tla lut ta vek a ni. Tichuan Isuan, ‘En teh le, i ramhuaiho kha saw, vawk kawchhungah lutin tuiah an zuang thla ta vek mai le,’ tiin kha pa rilru kha Isuan a chhimbudawi ta anga Pu Bara'n rinthu ve maia a sawi te chu biak in chhungah zirtir an ni ta si a (Mark, p. 120). Dîl tui chunga Isua kea a kal te kha a takah chuan vaukam ke rêk chen leka thûkah Isua a kal niin Barclaya chuan a rinthu sawi lehpek a. Mahse Petera tui chunga a han kal ve khan a pil dâwn ta mai si a, engtin nge kerêk thleng lekah mi a pil theih?
Aw le, duh tawk ila. Khatianga Isua thilmak tih sawi daltu-ah khan kohhran mipuite chuan Chanchin Ṭha hrilhfiahna bu siamtu Rev Zairema kha an puh lo thei ta lo va. A nihna takah chuan Pu Zairema ir-âwm chhuak ni bik lovin, kan sawi angin Isua thilmak tih awihlotu Barclay-a sawi dan khârchhâwngtu a nih vang zawk a ni a; Pu Zairema lahin ‘Sap mithiamin a rinthua a sawi ve mai a ni,’ a ti bik si lova; amah Pu Zaia kha science lama tuimi (B.Sc) a nih avangin Bible-in Pathian thilmak tih a sawi tam tak hi science thiamna hmanga leilung dana sawifiah theih anga ringtu a ni deuh bawk si a; chuvangin Bar-a thu kha amah pawhin pawmpui angin a sawi deuh tlat a ni!
Part-1 thu chhiartu Upa pakhat chuan, “E he, Barclay-a ngei hi kan Bible rin dan lo tidahlau-tu a lo nih hi le; kan pulpit sermon te pawhin min lo tizeng vek a lo nih hi! A delin kan del ṭhuap mai alawm! Zêp lovah chuan, kan pastor leh minister te hi kohhran platform chang ṭha ber leh pulpit hun chang hnem ber an ni a; tuinung lui aṭanga tuichawi ṭhin nge an lo nih tuipui thi aṭangin, tih hi ka man chhuak thiam ta! a ti hlut mai. Bible zah lo taka pawngsualna thu leh hla hotute meuhin an chhak chhuahte hi kohhran thlarau nunin a tuar phah nasat zia hi teh sên rual a ni tawh awm lo ve. Thlarau Thianghlim kan tihvuia kan tih-lungngaih tawh turzia hi chhut phak rual a ni tawh lo ve.
Tun thlengin Barclay-an Isua thilmak tih a awih loh avanga rinthu nena a sawidalna thu hian Bible zirtu tam tak rilruah ‘tûr’ thlum chi angin a la hruai peng chhunzawm reng tho a. Chuvangin ṭhangthar lo awm zel turah he Barclay-a liberal thurin dik lo tak takte laka inven a ṭul thu hi nuam ti lo tak leh inthlahrung chung pawhin kan thai lang ve lo thei lo a ni. Maichâm mei a mit zo takngial dawn e! USA-ah te pawh Pathian thu la runthlak lam Conservative evangelical te an rawn ṭang let ta a; Shawn Lazar-a pawhin Barclay-a Bible hrilhfiah dan hi a fiahin a bengvarthlak tih a sawi rualin, amah ang bawka liberal rilru in puttirna niin ka hria a, ‘Barclay-a hnen aṭanga thu lak hi a hlauhawm,’ a ti hial ("William Barclay on Faith as Allegiance," Shawn Lazar, https://faithalone.org...).
Kan chhinchhiah tur chu: Barclay-a commentary te hi hman loh tur kan ti lo, a duh chuan la hmang zel rawh se; Bible background hriatna leh hrilhfiahna ṭha tak a ni; amaherawh chu amah hi rinna kawnga a dinhmun a chian loh avang leh thlarau nun chiang lo a nih avangin ani hnen aṭang chuan thlarau thuchah dawn tur a awm lo, 'Thluak hriatna lam a châwm a, thlarau nun a châwm lo,' tih te erawh chu kan thliar hrang thiam tawh em dawn lo'm ni aw? Reference bu atan kan la hmang zel ang a; pawm tur leh pawm loh tur chin kan thliar tawh mai ang chu: sangha kan ei a, a ruh ei theih loh te chu kan paih mai alawm.
Vawi khat chu Barclay-a fanu kum 21 mi leh a bialpa te chu lawng tê (boat) a an chuannaah accident tawkin a thi hlauh mai a. Hriat loh mi pakhat hnen aṭangin: “Pathianin i fanu a tihhlum chhan ka hria. I zirtirna dik lo (heresies) in a tihbawlhhlawhna laka a chhanchhuah duh vang a ni,” tiin lehkha a dawng a. Barclay-a chuan, “Chu mi chu tu nge a nih hria ila…John Wesley-a pawhin, ‘I Pathian hi ka tan chuan setana a ni asin,’ a ti (Your God is my devil) tiin ka thawn let ang,” a ti a ni. (2021 Family Times, (https://www.family-times.net/illustration/Corruption/201838/
William Barclay-a Thlarau Nun Le!: Heti khawpa khawvel pum huapa Bible hrilhfiahtu lâr leh mite ngainat bu ziaktu, rawngbawltu tam takte hnena pulpit sermon thupui supply-tu hi a thlarau nun a va hausa awm e. A thlarau nun testimony hriat a va chakawm e, tih hi ama chanchin ka zir chhunga ka rilru kaptu a ni a. A chanchin hmuh tur tam tak zingah hian Krista nun neitu a nih leh nih loh thuziak hmuh tur ka dap ngar ngar a, tun thleng hian zawn hmuh tur ka la hre rih lova.
Pu Bar-a'n Johana bung 3 a hrilhfiahna bu ziakah hian piantharna thu hrim hrim chu a Greek ṭawng ṭobul chenin, a awmzia te nen lam a hre chiangin a chhui hneh khawp mai. Mahse amah zawk hian thlarauva piantharna chu a chang em? Ama nunah nunhlui leh nun thar inthlak danglam a lo awm tawh em? Nge a hlui (sual pu taksa) kha a repair chho ngar ngar mai le? Johana bung 4-a tui nung hi a in tawh em? Chhandamtu Lal Isua nen an lo intawk tawh em? Isua chu Lal leh Chhandamtua pawmin, khawngaihna avanga chhandamna a thlawna Pathianin a pek hi rinnain a lo chang tawh em? Isua neitu nge a nih zir thiamna neitu? A hrilhfiah chian ang hian ama nunah a chiang ve em? Neitu nihna aṭanga sawitu nge a nih thluak finna hmangin theory a sawi kual ringawt? Zawhna a tam, chhânna lam a awm si lo. Mi ṭhenkhat, a thlavâng hauh duhtute chuan, ‘Hrilhfiahna bu-ah mahni pianthar testimony an telh ngai em ni?’ an ti mai thei. A dik e. Mahse helaia kan sawi hi commentary bu ami ni lovin, ama thlarau nun chungchang a ziahna bu (spiritual autobiography) kan thlir lêtna (reflection) zawk a ni. John Owen-a chuan, "Thuhriltuin ama thinlung a inleihbuak hmasak loh chuan mi dangte tan sermon ṭha a sawi thei ngai lo," a lo ti a. Miin Pathian thu a sawi chuan a theory ringawt ni lovin, amahin a taka a lo chan ram (practical life) a sawi tel ve hian a tinung ṭhin a ni. Kristianna hi nun nei lo theoretical ni lovin, mahni nun ngeiin a taka a chanpuia a tawn fiahna ram (practical life) thil a ni.
Chuvangin Pu Bar-a khan heng Thuthlung Thar bu pum hrilhfiahna a ziah zawh hnuah khan, ama thlarau dinhmun a ziahna bu ‘A Spiritual Autobiography’ ah ngei pawh a pianthar thu emaw, Krista nun thar neitu a nihna emaw engmah thailan tur a nei lo tih a chiang ta a. A chhan chu, a thurin 'chuam'-ah pianthar ngai sê sû lova mi zawng zawng (Hitlera leh Setana te nen) chhandam vek tur thurin puangtu a ni miau va; mi zawng zawng chu sawi loh amah ngei pawh chhandam a nihna chhan tur a chiang tlat lo. Thil ṭha tiha chhandam ni se vanram chu a kai chiang khawp ang; mahse, vanduaithlak takin kan pu Bar-a hi ama thuchhuak hnuhnung ngeiah ‘thlarau bo’ a nihzia a inlailang tlat a ni.
Theologian ropui tak pakhat thi tur chuan heti hian a ti: “Khâng ka hnathawh zawng zawngte aia ropui ber chu: “Isuan min chhandam” (Jesus saves) tih hi a ni, a ti.
Pu Bar-a chu February 24, 1978 zing kar khan a mu an kai tho zo ta lo kha a ni a. A thih dawn hnaihah Isua nena inpawlna ang chi a neih thu sawi a awm em? Nun thlamuang neiin Krista nun a lo enjoy em? Chhanna awm lo. (A awm a nih chuan tu pawhin sawi ni se, a lawm ber pawl ka ni ang). Rawngbawltu ropui DL Moody-a thi tur kha chuan, “Hei hi thihna a nih chuan…a va ropui em! “Lei chu a ral riai riai a. Vanram a lo hnai tial tial. Pathianin min ko,” ti chungin Lalpa hnenah a chawl ta a ni. Mizo hla phuah thiam Patea hnuk chah dawn khan chhûm a lo zing a; ani chu tukverh lam a hawi a, “E khai, min hruaitu turte an lo thleng ta,” tiin Samthang khuaa an in tlâwm tê chu van mipuiten an rawn hual a ni.
Mi ṭhenkhat chuan Bible mithiam leh pastor meuh te chu an piangthar ngei ang, an ti a; hei hi dik ni se a thlamuanthlak hle tur le; mahse pastor piangthar an awm laiin a thar lem lo te hi kan hmu tam tawlh tawlh a, kohhrana dinhmun sang leh theology degree in chhandamna a pe thei bawk si lo. Paula te, Ludi te, Philippi tang vengtu te, Augustine-a te leh church history a ringtu piangtharte testimony ropui chhiar sen loh zingah khawvel huapa Bible hrilhfiahtu ropui Pu Bar-a khan piantharna testimony a neih awm reng reng a lang lo hi, engti zia nge? Piangthar lo an ni tih kan hriat phal loh, an thiha hremhmuna kal tura kan phal bawk si loh te hian mihringte chawimawina an dawng nasa duh viau mai ṭhin si a. Ngaihtuah tham a va ni em! Khawvel thilah chuan engti pawhin thiamna chu kan zir chhuak tur a ni. Mahse thlarau lam A Aw B hi pumpelha namnûl chi a ni lo, chatuana nunna leh chatuana thihna a hril daih! Unau duh tak, tunah hian thi ta la, chatuan nunna kawngah nge i kal dawn chatuan hremhmun kawngah? Hei hi kan dam lai ngeia chinfel a va ṭul em! Pathian Fapa meuh van aṭanga leia a lo kalna chhan hi boral fate chhandam turin a ni a (Mt. 18:11). Kan pu Bar-a thlarau kha chhandam a ni nge chatuana boralnaah a liam ta le?
A khaikhawm nan: Bible zirtute leh zir ve hran lote pawhin Chhandamtu Isua Krista neitu nih hi bulṭan nana hmangin, kan nunah i dah hmasa ber ang u. Eng ang thiamna sang leh eng ang scholarship mahin min chhandam dawn lo. Thlarauva piangthar si lova rawngbawltu kan ni hlauh ang e. Paula kha a thiamna leh Krista nen an intawh hmaa a rawng bawl dan te kha chu kohhran tihduhdah a nih mai kha; ṭhahnem a ngaih nasat poh leh Lalpa miten an tuar nasa ting mai a. Thlarau râl a ni ringawt. Krista nen an intawha a pianthar ni aṭang khan bul a ṭan ṭha leh ta a; tichuan a zin vawi khatnaa Lustra khuaah te khan tlangval ṭhankin tawh Timothea, kum 27 vel mi khan piantharna a lo chang ta a, kum rei lote hnu lawkah missionary ṭangkai leh kohhran enkawltu, Paula thachhang dâwltu a lo ni ta a ni. Tisa deuh hian Pathian rawng hi a bawl vak theih a; mahse thlarau puihna tel lo chuan a nung thei lova, hriat lohin Pathian Thlarau dodaltu dinhmunah a din reng theih a ni. Chuvangin Lalpa Thlarau i nei ang u; Thlarau nei lova rawngbawltute hi zir fo si a thutak hre pha lo an ni tlat mai. Aw le, Lalpan a Thlarauvin tikhatin hruai zel che rawh se.
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